应用文是高考英语写作中最容易拿分的板块,也是最容易因为“格式不对”而丢分的板块。与读后续写不同,应用文不考验文采和创意,考验的是规范性和准确性。格式对了,信息全了,语言得体了,分数自然就上去了。
很多学生的问题不是不会写,而是每种应用文应该用什么语气、怎么开头、怎么结尾,脑子里没有固定的模板。考场上现想,既浪费时间,又容易出错。以下把高考英语中最常见的五种应用文——建议信、申请信、投诉信、邀请信、通知——的开头结尾直接列出来,背熟就能用。
建议信的写作目的是给对方提出建议,语气要礼貌、委婉、有分寸。不能太强硬,也不能太模糊。
开头模板(三选一)
模板一:Knowing that you have trouble in..., I am writing to offer you some practical advice.
(得知你在……方面有困难,我写信给你提供一些实用的建议。)
模板二:I am sorry to hear that... Here are some suggestions that may help you.
(听说……我很难过。这里有一些可能对你有帮助的建议。)
模板三:You have asked me for my advice concerning..., and I will try to make some constructive suggestions.
(你问我对……的建议,我会尽力提出一些建设性的意见。)
结尾模板(三选一)
模板一:I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Feel free to contact me if you have any further questions.
(我希望你觉得这些建议有帮助。如果还有其他问题,随时联系我。)
模板二:I would be more than happy to see you take these suggestions into consideration. Wish you good luck!
(我很高兴你能考虑这些建议。祝你好运!)
模板三:These are just my personal thoughts. I hope they can be of some help to you.
(这只是我个人的想法。希望对你有帮助。)
申请信的写作目的是争取某个机会——志愿者、实习、社团职位等。语气要自信、诚恳、有说服力,但不要过度吹嘘。
开头模板(三选一)
模板一:I am writing to apply for the position of... advertised on your website.
(我写信申请在你们网站上发布的……职位。)
模板二:Learning that you are recruiting volunteers for..., I am eager to offer my candidacy.
(得知你们正在为……招募志愿者,我迫切希望申请成为候选人。)
模板三:I am a senior student from... School, and I am writing in response to your advertisement for...
(我是一名来自……学校的高三学生,写信是为了回应你们关于……的招聘信息。)
结尾模板(三选一)
模板一:I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply.
(如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。)
模板二:Enclosed are my resume and relevant certificates. Thank you for your time and consideration.
(随信附上我的简历和相关证书。感谢您花时间阅读和考虑。)
模板三:I am confident that my experience and skills make me a suitable candidate for this position. I look forward to the opportunity to contribute.
(我相信我的经验和技能使我成为这个职位的合适人选。我期待有机会做出贡献。)
投诉信的写作目的是表达不满并要求解决。语气要礼貌但坚定,陈述事实、表达感受、提出要求,三个部分缺一不可。
开头模板(二选一)
模板一:I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with the product I purchased from your store on... (date).
(我写信是为了表达我对……(日期)在你们店里购买的产品的不满。)
模板二:I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about... The reasons are as follows.
(恐怕我不得不对……提出投诉。原因如下。)
模板一:I would appreciate it if you could give me a full refund or replace it with a new one. I look forward to your prompt response.
(如果你能给我全额退款或换一个新的,我将不胜感激。期待你的及时回复。)
模板二:I hope that you will look into this matter seriously and take measures to prevent similar incidents from happening again.
(我希望你能认真调查此事,并采取措施防止类似事件再次发生。)
邀请信的写作目的是邀请对方参加某个活动。语气要热情、真诚,要说明活动的基本信息——时间、地点、内容、为什么邀请对方。
开头模板(二选一)
模板一:I am writing to invite you to..., which will be held on... (date) at... (place).
(我写信邀请你参加将在……(时间)于……(地点)举行的……活动。)
模板二:It is my great pleasure to invite you to... We would be honored to have you as our guest.
(非常荣幸邀请你参加……。我们感到无比荣幸能邀请你作为嘉宾出席。)
结尾模板(二选一)
模板一:I do hope that you can make it. Please let me know your decision at your earliest convenience.
(我真心希望你能来。请尽快告知你的决定。)
模板二:We would be looking forward to your presence. If you need any further information, please feel free to contact me.
(我们期待你的出席。如果你需要任何进一步的信息,请随时联系我。)
通知分为书面通知和口头通知。书面通知用第三人称,标题为NOTICE;口头通知用第一、二人称,开头常用May I have your attention, please?
书面通知开头模板
模板:NOTICE
In order to..., our school is going to organize... It will be held on... (date) at... (place).
(为了……,我们学校将组织……。它将在……(时间)于……(地点)举行。)
书面通知结尾模板
模板:Everyone is welcome to participate. Please come on time and don‘t forget to bring...
(欢迎所有人参加。请准时到场,不要忘记带……。)
口头通知开头模板
模板:May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. Our school is organizing... which will be held...
(大家请注意。我有一个通知要宣布。我们学校将组织……,将在……举行。)
口头通知结尾模板
模板:That‘s all. Thank you for your attention.
(通知到此结束。谢谢大家的关注。)
考场上怎么用
拿到应用文题目后,先做三件事:判断类型(是建议信还是投诉信?是通知还是邀请信?)、选择对应的开头和结尾模板、根据题目信息填空(谁、什么时间、什么地点、什么事)。
中间的内容按要点顺序写,一个要点一段。不要追求长难句,把事情说清楚、语言得体、没有语法错误,就是高分。
开头和结尾各占两到三句话,中间每段写两到三句话。全篇控制在100词左右(高考要求通常是80-120词)。写多了啰嗦,写少了信息不全。
应用文是“背了就能拿分”的板块。没有捷径,但也不需要捷径。把上面的开头结尾模板打印出来,每天默写一遍,写到肌肉记忆——看到“建议信”,脑子里自动跳出三到四个开头选项,直接选一个最贴合题意的开始写。
考场上省下来的每一分钟,都可以留给阅读和完形。这就是应用文模板的真正价值——不是限制你的写作,是让你把精力花在更重要的地方。

